Google Scholar API

Api Details

EndpointGET https://serpapi.abcproxy.com/search

Description

Our Google Scholar API allows you to scrape SERP results from a Google Scholar search query. The API is accessed through the following endpoint: /search?engine=google_scholar.

A user may query the following: https://serpapi.abcproxy.com/search utilizing a GET request. Head to the playground for a live and interactive demo.

---

Request

HTTP Request

cURL

curl -X GET "https://serpapi.abcproxy.com/search" \
  -d "engine=google_scholar" \
  -d "q=Coffee" \
  -d "no_cache=false" \
  -d "api_key=YOUR_API_KEY"

Python

import requests

params = {
    "engine": "google_scholar",
    "q": "Coffee",
    "no_cache": "false",
    "api_key": "YOUR_API_KEY"
}
response = requests.get("https://serpapi.abcproxy.com/search", params=params)
print(response.json())

Node.js

const axios = require('axios');

const params = {
  engine: "google_scholar",
  q: "Coffee",
  no_cache: "false",
  api_key: "YOUR_API_KEY"
};

axios.get("https://serpapi.abcproxy.com/search", { params })
  .then(response => console.log(response.data));

HTTP

GET /search?engine=google_scholar&q=Coffee&no_cache=false&api_key=YOUR_API_KEY HTTP/1.1
Host: serpapi.abcproxy.com

PHP

<?php
$client = new \GuzzleHttp\Client();
$response = $client->get('https://serpapi.abcproxy.com/search', [
    'query' => [
        'engine' => 'google_scholar',
        'q' => 'Coffee',
        'no_cache' => 'false',
        'api_key' => 'YOUR_API_KEY'
    ]
]);
echo $response->getBody();

Golang

package main

import (
    "net/http"
    "io/ioutil"
    "log"
)

func main() {
    client := &http.Client{}
    req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "https://serpapi.abcproxy.com/search", nil)
    
    q := req.URL.Query()
    q.Add("engine", "google_scholar")
    q.Add("q", "Coffee")
    q.Add("no_cache", "false")
    q.Add("api_key", "YOUR_API_KEY")
    req.URL.RawQuery = q.Encode()

    resp, _ := client.Do(req)
    body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    log.Println(string(body))
}

C#

using System;
using System.Net.Http;

class Program
{
    static async Task Main()
    {
        var client = new HttpClient();
        var query = System.Web.HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(string.Empty);
        query["engine"] = "google_scholar";
        query["q"] = "Coffee";
        query["no_cache"] = "false";
        query["api_key"] = "YOUR_API_KEY";
        
        var response = await client.GetAsync(
            $"https://serpapi.abcproxy.com/search?{query}"
        );
        Console.WriteLine(await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync());
    }
}

Java

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String url = "https://serpapi.abcproxy.com/search" +
            "?engine=google_scholar" +
            "&q=Coffee" +
            "&no_cache=false" +
            "&api_key=YOUR_API_KEY";
        
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(url).openConnection();
        conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
        
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(
            new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream())
        );
        String response = in.lines().collect(Collectors.joining());
        System.out.println(response);
    }
}

API Parameters

Search Query

Name	Type	Required	Description	Example
q	String	Yes	Parameter defines the query you want to search. You can also use helpers in your query such as: author:, or source:. Usage of cites parameter makes q optional. Usage of cites together with q triggers search within citing articles. Usage of cluster together with q and cites parameters is prohibited. Use cluster parameter only.	Coffee

Advanced Google Scholar Parameters

Name	Type	Required	Description	Example
cites	String	No	Parameter defines unique ID for an article to trigger Cited By searches. Usage of cites will bring up a list of citing documents in Google Scholar. Example value: cites=1275980731835430123. Usage of cites and q parameters triggers search within citing articles.	cites=1275980731835430123
as_ylo	String	No	Parameter defines the year from which you want the results to be included. (e.g. if you set as_ylo parameter to the year 2018, the results before that year will be omitted.). This parameter can be combined with the as_yhi parameter.	2018
as_yhi	String	No	Parameter defines the year until which you want the results to be included. (e.g. if you set as_yhi parameter to the year 2018, the results after that year will be omitted.). This parameter can be combined with the as_ylo parameter.	2018
scisbd	String	No	Parameter defines articles added in the last year, sorted by date. It can be set to 1 to include only abstracts, or 2 to include everything. The default value is 0 which means that the articles are sorted by relevance	1
cluster	String	No	Parameter defines unique ID for an article to trigger All Versions searches. Example value: cluster=1275980731835430123. Usage of cluster together with q and cites parameters is prohibited. Use cluster parameter only.	cluster=1275980731835430123

Localization

Name	Type	Required	Description	Example
lr	String	No	Parameter defines one or multiple languages to limit the search to. It uses lang_{two-letter language code} to specify languages and `	as a delimiter. (e.g.,lang_fr
hl	String	No	Parameter defines the language to use for the Google Scholar search. It's a two-letter language code. (e.g., en for English, es for Spanish, or fr for French). Head to the Google languages page for a full list of supported Google languages.	en

Pagination

Name	Type	Required	Description	Example
start	Int	No	Parameter defines the result offset. It skips the given number of results. It's used for pagination. (e.g., 0 (default) is the first page of results, 10 is the 2nd page of results, 20 is the 3rd page of results, etc.).	10
num	Int	No	Parameter defines the maximum number of results to return, ranging from 1 to 20, with a default of 10.	10

Search Type

Name	Type	Required	Description	Example
as_sdt	String	No	Parameter can be used either as a search type or a filter. As a Filter (only works when searching articles): 0 - exclude patents (default). 7 - include patents. As a Search Type: 4 - Select case law (US courts only). This will select all the State and Federal courts. e.g. as_sdt=4 - Selects case law (all courts) To select specific courts, see the full list of supported Google Scholar courts. e.g. as_sdt=4,33,192 - 4 is the required value and should always be in the first position, 33 selects all New York courts and 192 selects Tax Court. Values have to be separated by comma (,) as_sdt=4,33,192	-

Advanced Filters

Name	Type	Required	Description	Example
safe	String	No	Parameter defines the level of filtering for adult content. It can be set to active or off, by default Google will blur explicit content.	off
filter	String	No	Parameter defines if the filters for 'Similar Results' and 'Omitted Results' are on or off. It can be set to 1 (default) to enable these filters, or 0 to disable these filters.	1
as_vis	String	No	Parameter defines whether you would like to include citations or not. It can be set to 1 to exclude these results, or 0 (default) to include them.	1
as_rr	String	No	Parameter defines whether you would like to show only review articles or not (these articles consist of topic reviews, or discuss the works or authors you have searched for). It can be set to 1 to enable this filter, or 0 (default) to show all results.	1

Serpapi Parameters

Name	Type	Required	Description	Example
engine	String	Yes	Set parameter to google_scholar to use the Google Finance API engine.	google_scholar
no_cache	boolean	No	Parameter will force SerpApi to fetch the results even if a cached version is already present. A cache is served only if the query and all parameters are exactly the same. Cache expires after 1h. Cached searches are free, and are not counted towards your searches per month. It can be set to false (default) to allow results from the cache, or true to disallow results from the cache.	trueorfalse
api_key	string	Yes	Parameter defines the SerpApi private key to use.	123

---

Response

Success 200

Response Body

{
  "organic_results": [
    {
      "title": "The impact of coffee on health",
      "result_id": "sWzmct-yYzgJ",
      "link": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378512213000479",
      "snippet": "… , where pressed ground coffee beans are used directly, in either espresso or coffee pot so … \nespresso or coffee pots, where boiled water is directly passed through pressed coffee powder …",
      "publication_info": {
        "summary": "A Cano-Marquina, JJ Tarín, A Cano - Maturitas, 2013 - Elsevier",
        "authors": [
          {
            "link": "https//scholar.google.com/citations?user=nMS5yswAAAAJ&hl=zh-CN&oi=sra",
            "author_id": "nMS5yswAAAAJ",
            "name": "A Cano-Marquina"
          }
        ]
      },
      "inline_links": [
        {
          "name": "Time Cited：528",
          "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=4063287961593474225&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=zh-CN"
        },
      ],
      "position": 1
    },
    {
      "resources": [
        {
          "link": "https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/pdf/10.1055/s-0043-115007.pdf",
          "file_format": "[PDF]",
          "name": " thieme-connect.com"
        }
      ],
      "inline_links": [
        {
          "name": "Time Cited：332",
          "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=4227833794020660265&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=zh-CN"
        },
      ],
      "position": 2,
      "title": "The impact of coffee on health",
      "result_id": "KVT-hW9IrDoJ",
      "link": "https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/html/10.1055/s-0043-115007",
      "snippet": "… coffee, indicating that besides caffeine other components contribute to the health protecting \neffects. For adults consuming moderate amounts of coffee (… information about coffee on health…",
      "publication_info": {
        "summary": "K Nieber - Planta medica, 2017 - thieme-connect.com"
      }
    },
    {
      "title": "Functional properties of coffee and coffee by-products",
      "result_id": "9WouRiFbIK4J",
      "link": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0963996911003449",
      "snippet": "… roasted coffee … coffee, coffee beans and by-products in terms of the associated potential \nhealth benefits. The data in this review have been organized in sections according to the coffee …",
      "publication_info": {
        "summary": "P Esquivel, VM Jimenez - Food research international, 2012 - Elsevier",
        "authors": [
          {
            "name": "P Esquivel",
            "link": "https//scholar.google.com/citations?user=EpwJXskAAAAJ&hl=zh-CN&oi=sra",
            "author_id": "EpwJXskAAAAJ"
          },
        ]
      },
      "resources": [
        {
          "name": " uoregon.edu",
          "link": "https://pages.uoregon.edu/chendon/coffee_literature/old_literature/2012%20Food%20Res.%20Int.,%20Uses%20for%20coffee%20waste.pdf",
          "file_format": "[PDF]"
        }
      ],
      "inline_links": [
        {
          "name": "Time Cited：1276",
          "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=12547128760323697397&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=zh-CN"
        },
      ],
      "position": 3
    },
    {
      "inline_links": [
        {
          "name": "Time Cited：252",
          "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=3070577447314194755&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=zh-CN"
        },
      ],
      "position": 4,
      "title": "Components of coffee",
      "result_id": "QwF9cuvhnCoJ",
      "link": "https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Maurice-Arnaud/publication/311253694_Metabolism_of_caffeine_and_other_components_of_coffee/links/58f1d0cfa6fdcc11e569e8e8/Metabolism-of-caffeine-and-other-components-of-coffee.pdf",
      "snippet": "The metabolism of coffee constituents such as trigonelline, chlorogenic acid with its two \ncomponents, caffeic and quinic acids, are also presented. Other aromatic compounds present in …",
      "publication_info": {
        "summary": "MJ Arnaud - Caffeine, coffee, and health, 1993 - researchgate.net"
      },
      "resources": [
        {
          "name": " researchgate.net",
          "link": "https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Maurice-Arnaud/publication/311253694_Metabolism_of_caffeine_and_other_components_of_coffee/links/58f1d0cfa6fdcc11e569e8e8/Metabolism-of-caffeine-and-other-components-of-coffee.pdf",
          "file_format": "[PDF]"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "inline_links": [
        {
          "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=11880518133867153220&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=zh-CN",
          "name": "Time Cited：593"
        },
      ],
      "position": 5,
      "title": "All about coffee",
      "result_id": "RAe9DEwU4KQJ",
      "link": "https://books.google.com/books?hl=zh-CN&lr=&id=4O_RAAAAMAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP31&dq=Coffee&ots=QhgDMfmRdW&sig=FyCAWAgcxISEAUif8az3qc-41ZQ",
      "snippet": "… a book on coffee. Subsequently he spent a year in travel among the coffee-producing countries… \nAmong the unique features of the book are the Coffee Thesaurus; the Coffee Chronology, …",
      "publication_info": {
        "summary": "WH Ukers - 1922 - books.google.com"
      },
      "resources": [
        {
          "name": " google.com",
          "link": "https://books.google.com/books?hl=zh-CN&lr=&id=4O_RAAAAMAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP31&dq=Coffee&ots=QhgDMfmRdW&sig=FyCAWAgcxISEAUif8az3qc-41ZQ",
          "file_format": "[HTML]"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "publication_info": {
        "summary": "JH Bae, JH Park, SS Im, DK Song - Integrative medicine research, 2014 - Elsevier",
        "authors": [
          {
            "author_id": "jfk9T2gAAAAJ",
            "name": "SS Im",
            "link": "https//scholar.google.com/citations?user=jfk9T2gAAAAJ&hl=zh-CN&oi=sra"
          }
        ]
      },
      "resources": [
        {
          "link": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213422014000456",
          "file_format": "[HTML]",
          "name": " sciencedirect.com"
        }
      ],
      "inline_links": [
        {
          "name": "Time Cited：212",
          "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=11096005482046107145&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=zh-CN"
        },
      ],
      "position": 6,
      "title": "Coffee and health",
      "result_id": "CS4lXzLu_JkJ",
      "link": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213422014000456",
      "snippet": "… It has been told that coffee is a driving force for … to drink coffee, which suggests individual \nvariation to coffee intolerance. The aim of this review is to briefly summarize the effects of coffee …"
    },
    {
      "position": 7,
      "title": "Coffee",
      "result_id": "F6FR6YN9nBsJ",
      "link": "https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-24733-1_23",
      "snippet": "… with coffee plants. Coffee crop management plays an important role in the settlement and \nmaintenance of their populations. This chapter covers aspects related to the main coffee crop …",
      "publication_info": {
        "summary": "CF Carvalho, SM Carvalho, B Souza - 2019 - Springer",
        "authors": [
          {
            "author_id": "70EjKtAAAAAJ",
            "name": "SM Carvalho",
            "link": "https//scholar.google.com/citations?user=70EjKtAAAAAJ&hl=zh-CN&oi=sra"
          },
          {
            "link": "https//scholar.google.com/citations?user=GFIwzIsAAAAJ&hl=zh-CN&oi=sra",
            "author_id": "GFIwzIsAAAAJ",
            "name": "B Souza"
          }
        ]
      },
      "inline_links": [
        {
          "name": "Time Cited：94",
          "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=1989603140899545367&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=zh-CN"
        },
      ]
    },
    {
      "snippet": "… coffee during brewing, but are mostly removed from coffee by … coffee, Turkish coffee, and \nFrench press (cafetiere) coffee … while filtered coffee, percolated coffee, and instant coffee contain …",
      "publication_info": {
        "summary": "JV Higdon, B Frei - Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2006 - Taylor & Francis",
        "authors": [
          {
            "name": "B Frei",
            "link": "https//scholar.google.com/citations?user=H_Fk05wAAAAJ&hl=zh-CN&oi=sra",
            "author_id": "H_Fk05wAAAAJ"
          }
        ]
      },
      "resources": [
        {
          "file_format": "[PDF]",
          "name": " tandfonline.com",
          "link": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10408390500400009"
        }
      ],
      "inline_links": [
        {
          "name": "Time Cited：1628",
          "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=9616587587181684093&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=zh-CN"
        },
      ],
      "position": 8,
      "title": "Coffee and health: a review of recent human research",
      "result_id": "fSVlrXX7dIUJ",
      "link": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10408390500400009"
    },
    {
      "publication_info": {
        "summary": "R Clarke, OG Vitzthum - 2008 - books.google.com",
        "authors": [
          {
            "link": "https//scholar.google.com/citations?user=emScaM4AAAAJ&hl=zh-CN&oi=sra",
            "author_id": "emScaM4AAAAJ",
            "name": "R Clarke"
          }
        ]
      },
      "inline_links": [
        {
          "name": "Time Cited：329",
          "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=17336467632992178655&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=zh-CN"
        },
        {
          "name": "Related articles",
          "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?q=related:31GOrHWBl_AJ:scholar.google.com/&scioq=Coffee&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5"
        },
      ],
      "position": 9,
      "title": "Coffee: recent developments",
      "result_id": "31GOrHWBl_AJ",
      "link": "https://books.google.com/books?hl=zh-CN&lr=&id=jIFY_Pz8LH0C&oi=fnd&pg=PR3&dq=Coffee&ots=ODIwWoorUH&sig=q5xXwYnYP-_I_us-SUD8MBFKKeY",
      "snippet": "… The physiological effects of coffee drinking are considered in a fascinating chapter on coffee \nand health. Agronomic aspects of coffee breeding and growing are covered specifically in …"
    },
    {
      "position": 10,
      "title": "Coffee constituents",
      "result_id": "xY3q9qnkN54J",
      "link": "https://books.google.com/books?hl=zh-CN&lr=&id=fL2lSAMfdwcC&oi=fnd&pg=PT47&dq=Coffee&ots=AH1XtBGHos&sig=JklhRCIm2Yru2be-CKiGbfjAQz8",
      "snippet": "… Since the opening of the first coffee house in Mecca at the end of the fifteenth century, coffee \nconsumption has greatly increased all around the world. In 2010, coffee production reached …",
      "publication_info": {
        "summary": "A Farah - Coffee: Emerging health effects and disease …, 2012 - books.google.com"
      },
      "resources": [
        {
          "name": " uoregon.edu",
          "link": "https://pages.uoregon.edu/chendon/coffee_literature/old_literature/2012%20Coffee%20Emerging%20Health%20Effects%20and%20Disease%20Prevention,%20Coffee%20Constituents,%20Chapter%202.pdf",
          "file_format": "[PDF]"
        }
      ],
      "inline_links": [
        {
          "name": "Time Cited：585",
          "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=11400832400354872773&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=zh-CN"
        },
      ]
    }
  ],
  "related_searches": [
    {
      "name": "coffee shop",
      "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5&qsp=1&q=coffee+shop&qst=ib"
    },
    {
      "name": "coffee consumption",
      "link": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5&qsp=2&q=coffee+consumption&qst=ib"
    },
  ],
  "pagination": {
    "current": 1,
    "next": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?start=10&q=Coffee&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5",
    "other_pages": {
      "2": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?start=10&q=Coffee&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5",
      "3": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?start=20&q=Coffee&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5",
      "4": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?start=30&q=Coffee&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5",
      "5": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?start=40&q=Coffee&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5",
      "6": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?start=50&q=Coffee&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5",
      "7": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?start=60&q=Coffee&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5",
      "8": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?start=70&q=Coffee&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5",
      "9": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?start=80&q=Coffee&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5",
      "10": "https//scholar.google.com/scholar?start=90&q=Coffee&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0,5"
    }
  },
  "search_metadata": {
    "created_at": "2025-04-02 18:30:06",
    "google_url": "https://scholar.google.com/scholar?filter=0&q=Coffee",
    "raw_html_file": "https://webserp.abcproxy.com/files/dfc0e684cc948530/8e7c3998-3148-4d2a-9efa-44f666aacd99.html",
    "xray_html_file": "https://webserp.abcproxy.com/files/dfc0e684cc948530/8e7c3998-3148-4d2a-9efa-44f666aacd99.xray",
    "total_time_taken": "3.7064",
    "id": "8e7c3998-3148-4d2a-9efa-44f666aacd99",
    "json_endpoint": "https://webserp.abcproxy.com/files/dfc0e684cc948530/8e7c3998-3148-4d2a-9efa-44f666aacd99.json"
  },
  "search_parameters": {
    "api_key": "YOUR_API_KEY",
    "q": "Coffee",
    "engine": "google_scholar",
    "no_cache": true
  },
  "url": "https://scholar.google.com/scholar?filter=0&q=Coffee",
  "search_information": {
    "query_displayed": "Coffee"
  }
}

Response Fields

Field	Type	Description
search_parameters	Object	Contains query parameters and search context
search_metadata	Object	Contains timing and status information
search_information	Object	Search_information information parameter
query_displayed	string	query_displayed information parameter
profiles[]	Object[]	profiles information parameter
organic_results[]	Object[]	organic_results information parameter
related_searches[]	Object[]	related_searches information parameter
pagination	Object	pagination information parameter

---

Error Responses

Common Errors

HTTP Status	Error Code	Description
200	400	API Key can not be empty
200	401	Param error
200	402	API Key error
200	403	Insufficient Balance
200	404	Deduction failed
200	405	Failed to record usage count
200	406	Unsupported engine
200	407	Network error
200	408	File not found
200	409	Limit param error
200	410	Build url error
200	411	Failed to QueryRecentRecord
200	412	Failed to find json
200	413	Get html error
200	414	HTML is empty
200	429	Too many request

Error Example

{
  "code": 400,
  "message": "API Key can not be empty"
}

---